Office of the Saskatchewan Information and Privacy Commissioner. Guide to FOIP, Chapter 4, Exemptions from the Right of Access. Updated 8 April 2024. 180 (ii) testing products for possible purchase. Subsection 18(1)(d) of FOIP is a discretionary harm-based exemption. It permits refusal of access in situations where release of a record could reasonably be expected to disclose information, the disclosure of which could reasonably be expected to interfere with contractual or other negotiations of the Government of Saskatchewan or a government institution. This exemption is intended to protect a government institution’s ability to negotiate effectively with other parties.648 It provides similar protection as is provided third parties under subsection 19(1)(c)(iii) of FOIP. The following two-part test can be applied: 1. Are there contractual or other negotiations occurring involving the Government of Saskatchewan or a government institution? A negotiation is a consensual bargaining process in which the parties attempt to reach agreement on a disputed or potentially disputed matter. It can also be defined as dealings conducted between two or more parties for the purpose of reaching an understanding.649 It connotes a more robust relationship than “consultation”. It signifies a measure of bargaining power and a process of back-and-forth, give-and-take discussion.650 Prospective or future negotiations could be included within this exemption, as long as they are foreseeable.651 It may be applied even though negotiations have not yet started at the time of the access to information request, including when there has not been any direct contact with the other party or their agent. However, a vague possibility of future negotiations is not sufficient. There must be a reasonable fact-based expectation that the future negotiations will take place.652 648 Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Access to Information Manual, Chapter 11.11.2. Available at https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/access-information-privacy/accessinformation/access-information-manual.html#cha11_11. Accessed July 19, 2019. 649 Garner, Bryan A., 2019. Black’s Law Dictionary, 11th Edition. St. Paul, Minn.: West Group at pp. 1248 and 1249. Relied on in SK OIPC Review Report 112-2018 at [37]. 650 Gordon v. Canada (Attorney General), 2016 ONCA 625 (CanLII) at [107]. Relied on in SK OIPC Review Report 112-2018 at [37]. 651 SK OIPC Review Report 019-2014 at [27]. Equivalent provision in LA FOIP was being considered (subsection 17(1)(d)). Service Alberta, FOIP Guidelines and Practices: 2009 Edition, Chapter 4 at p. 107. 652 Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat, Access to Information Manual, Chapter 11.11.2. Available at https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/services/access-information-privacy/accessinformation/access-information-manual.html#cha11_11. Accessed July 19, 2019.
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